Hydrodynamic pump for bore-holes and the like.



No. 799,428. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. W. WOLSKI.

HYDRODYNAMIG PUMP FOR BORE HOLES AND THE LIKE. APPLIOATIYON FILED MAR.a, 1905.

s MES? {a I V PATENT orrion.

WAOLAVV WOLSKI, OF LEMBERG, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

-HYDRODYNAIVIIC PUMP FOR BORE-HOLES AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1905.

Application filed March 8, 1905. I Serial No. 249,058.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WAoLAwVVoLsKI. a citizen of the Empire ofAustria-Hungary, residing in Lemberg, in the Empire of Austria- Hungary,have invented a certain new and useful Improved Hydrodynamic'Pump forBore-Holes and the Like, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in hydrodynamic pumps forbore-holes and the like.

The ordinary piston-pump when employed in connection with deep narrowbore-holes, and especially when the liquid to be raised carries sandwith it, possesses the defect that the cylinder and piston-packing wearout quickly. the small valves become blocked only too easily withparaifin which becomes separated out from the cold crude oil. TheMammoth pump which is much employed for raising water and which dependsfor its action on the difference of the specific weights of water, onthe one hand, and of mixtures of air and water, on the other hand, as iswell known, can never pump out the bore-holes deeper than to about halfits depth.

The present invention has for its object to lift by suction and to raiseto the surface liquids, especially petroleum, from bore-holes of anydepth, even if said liquids are accompanied with much sand and thesurface level ofthe liquid lies just above the bottom. The latter is ofimportance for petroleum bore? holes with low gas-pressure, in whichcase it is of importance to relieve the productive. oilsandstone fromthe hydrostatic pressure of the column of liquid.

In the case of the present invention water or oil under pressure (incontrast with the pneumatic raising in the case of the Mammoth pump)serves as a means for transmitting pressure, said water or oil underpressure being forced toward the bottom of the bore-hole by a force-pumparranged on the surface and lifting by suction the liquid to be raisedand bringing the same with itselfto the surface. The suction action isbrought about on the principle of the suction-ram, which, as is wellknown, is based upon a moving column of liquid being deprived of itsprevious supply-inlet by the sudden closing of a valve which waspreviously open and producing a vacuum in a manner analogous to that ofa suction-piston by rushing upward in consequence of its momentum, intowhich vacuum Moreover. in petroleum bore-holes the liquid to be liftedby suction flows through a non-return valve. Instead of the quantity ofliquid forced in a larger quantity is consequently obtained atthedischarge, because the former quantity is increased by the amount I ofliquid raised by suction.

Two embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a vertical centralsection showing one embodiment applied to the pumping of liquids from abore-hole,and Fig. 2 shows a similar section of the other embodimentapplied to a bore-hole.

The arrangement shown in Fig. l is especially adapted for the pumping ofoil which is rich in gas from the bore-holes of oil-wells. Z is thesupply-pipe through which oil under pressure is supplied. The pipe Z isarranged inside the lift-pipe A, which forms at the same time the casingfor the bore-hole. The supply-pipe Z passes into the air-chamber W,which is connected with the connecting-pipe S, provided with the mainvalve V, which is normally held by its spring D in the open position.The packing M of the tightly-fitted disk E, which serves to separate thelowest portion of the bore-hole from the upper portion, is pressedagainst the wall of the borehole or the casing of the same and forms acheck-valve. The portion of the casing below the disk E forms asuction-pipe.

The action of the pump is as follows: Through the supply-pipe Z oilunder pressure is supplied either by gravity or by a suitable force pumpinto the air chamber W and through the valve V into the lift-pipe Athrough the openings B in the piece of pipe F, supporting the disk Efrom the body P of the valve V. Inasmuch as the pressure of theactuating oil column is higher than the hydrostatic counter-pressure ofthe oil column in the lift-pipe, the excess of pressure produces anacceleration of motion in the oil column in the lift-pipe A. As soon asthe oil column in the lift-pipe receives a certain velocity by means ofits hydrodynamic action it suddenly closes the valve V. As the oilcolumn in the lift-pipe A has at the moment of closing the valve V aconsiderable velocity, a momentary vacuum is formed below the valve V,which produces the opening of the check-valve having the packing M, sothat the instant rising of the oil into the lift-pipe A takes place. Thecheck-valve remains open until the momentum of the upwardly-moving oilcolumn in the lift-pipe A is exhausted. At this moment the oil column inthe lift-pipe A comes to rest. It even makes a slight return motion,which is due to the fact that before the closing of the check-valve asmall part of the oil is dropped back past the same into the borehole.This feature, which is also well known in the ordinary hydraulic ram andutilized in the same, produces the reopening of the main valve V, thereturn motion of the oil column in the lift-pipe A producing a slightshock on the main valve V, which was in its closed position, so that thesame is opened. Oil under pressure is then again supplied through thepipe Z, the air-chamber WV, and the valve V to the lift-pipe, and theaction of the different'parts of the pump is repeated. The effectivework which is accomplished by the actuating body of oil supplied underpressure through the supply-pipe is utilized in the lifting of aquantity of oil by. suction, so that the latter quantity is discharged,together with the supply-oil, at the upper end of the liftpipe A. Theformation of a vacuum below the disk E accelerates the escape of the oilfrom the surrounding strata of the bore-hole. hen the liquid to bepumped is saturated with gases, (as, for instance, crude petroleum,which contains various hydrocarbon gases under high pressure,) then therepeated momentary vacuum formation is suflicient to produce a violentgeneration of gas, and thereby artesian'discha'rges of the liquid fromthe well, whereby the proper functioning of the pump is considerably andeffectively increased.

Referring now to Fig. 2, which shows an arrangement adapted for use inpumping water from the bore-holes of Artesian wells, Z is thesupply-pipe and is concentric to the interior lift-pipe A, at the upperend of which the discharge takes place. Both pipes communicate with eachother by an opening 0, which is located in the lower part of theliftpipe A. G is a spring-valve made in the form of a tongue and isadapted to close the opening 0 at the proper times. The air-chamber W isarranged in the form of a bell on the lift-pipe A and concentricallywith it and the supply-pipe Z. K is the bottom of the supply-pipe Z. Thelift-pipe is connected with said bottom above and the suction-pipe Sbelow, said suctionpipe being normally closed by the checkvalve V, whichis sub jected to the pressure of the spring F, arranged in the centralhollow L of the bottom K. M is the water at the bottom of the boreholeN.

The pump illustrated in Fig. 2 acts similarly to the pump shown inFig. 1. At the moment when the valve G is closed the column of water inthe lift-pipe A produces a suction action, so that the check-valve V isopened against the tension of its spring F and a water column is drawnthrough the suction-pipe S into the lift-pipe A. In order to prevent theoccurrence of a powerful shock in the supply-pipe at the instant whenthe main valve closes, the air-chamber is provided.

If the water, oil, or other liquid forced through the supply-pipe of apump according to the present invention be suitably heated before beingforced into the bore-hole, the running of the pump serves tosimultaneously heat the bore-hole, which, as is well known, is ofimportance when obtaining petroleum rich in paraflin.

By means of the construction according to the present invention, inwhich the controlling-valve is arranged near the bottom, it is for thefirst time possible to use the suctionram for pumping empty nearly totheir bottoms bore-holes of a depth of several hundred meters, thevacuum necessary for the suction action arising directly over the bottomand the effectiveness of the pump being ind ependent of the depth.

WhatI claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A hydrodynamic bore-hole pump consisting of the combination of asupply-pipe extending close to the bottom of the bore-hole for thesupply of liquid under pressure, a lift pipe extending from close to thebottom of the bore-hole to the surface and communicating with thesupply-pipe through an opening, a valve controlling the opening betweenthe supply-pipe and lift-pipe and adapted to open against the current inthe supply-pipe, said valve being situated near to the bottom of thebore-hole, a check-valve in said liftpipe opening in the direction ofthe current in the lift-pipe, and a suction-pipe communieating with thelift-pipe, the communication of which with said lift-pipe is controlledby said check-valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. 2. A hydrodynamicbore-hole pump consisting of the combination of asupply-pipe extending close to the bottom of the bore-hole for thesupply of liquid under pressure, said supply-pipe having an air-chamberat a short distance from the bottom of the bore-hole, a lift-pipeextending from close to the bottom of the bore-hole to the surface andcommunieating with the supply-pipe through an opening, a valvecontrolling the opening between the supply-pipe and lift-pipe andadapted to open against the current in the supply-pipe, said valve beingsituated near to the bottom of the bore-hole, a check-valve in saidliftpipe opening in the direction of the current in the lift-pipe, and asuction-pipe communicating with the lift-pipe, the communication ofwhich with said lift-pipe is controlled by said check-valve,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A hydrodynamic bore-hole pump consisting of the combination of asupply-pipe extending close to the bottom of the bore-hole A for thesupply of liquid under pressure, a

lift-pipe extending from close to the bottom of the bore-hole to thesurface and communi eating with the supply-pipe through an opening, aspring-pressed valve controlling the opening between the supply -pipeand liftpipe and adapted to open against the current in the supply-pipe,said valve being situated near to the bottom of the bore-hole, acheckvalve in said lift-pipe opening in the direction of the current inthe lift-pipe, and a suctionpipe communicating with the lift-pipe, thecommunication of which with said lift-pipe is controlled by saidcheck-valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. A hydrodynamic bore-hole pump consisting of the combination of asupply-pipe extending close to the bottom of the bore-hole for thesupply of liquid under pressure, a lift-pipe arranged within saidsupply-pipe and extending from close to the bottom of the bore-hole tothe surface and communicating with the supply-pipe through an opening, avalve controlling the opening between the supply-pipe and lift-pipe andadapted to open against the current in the supply-pipe, said valve beingsituated near to the bottom of the bore-hole, a check-valve in saidlift-pipe opening in the direction of the current in the liftpipe, and asuction-pipe communicating with the liftpipe, the communication of whichwith said lift-pipe is controlled by said checkvalve, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

5. A hydrodynamic bore-hole pump consisting of the combination of asupply-pipe extending close to the bottom of the bore-hole for thesupply of liquid under pressure, a lift-pipe arranged within saidsupply-pipe and extending from close to the bottom of the bore-hole tothe surface and communicating with the supply-pipe through an opening, avalve controlling the opening between the supply-pipe and lift-pipe andadapted to open against the current in the supply-pipe, said valve beingsituated near to the bottom of the bore-hole, a springpressedcheck-valve in said lift-pipe opening in the direction of the current inthe lift-pipe, and a suction-pipe communicating with the lift-pipe, thecommunication of which with said lift-pipe is controlled by saidcheek-valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. A hydrodynamic bore-hole pump consisting of the combination of thesupply-pipe Z having the air-chamber W, the lift-pipe A arranged withinsaid supply-pipe and having the opening 0, the Valve G controlling saidopening and adapted to open against the current in the supplypipe, thevalve V, the spring F acting onsaid valve, said valve opening in thedirection of the current'in the liftpipe, and the suction-pipe S,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in'presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VVACLAWV WVOLSKI.

